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CRA cladded steel pipe
The CRA clad or lined pipe is composed of a conventional carbon steel or low alloy steel pipe and a corrosion-resistant alloy layer. CRA refers to corrosion-resistant alloy. The CRA layer is metallurgically bonded (clad) or mechanically bonded (lined) to the internal or external surface of the steel pipe. The carbon steel or low alloy steel pipe is called base metal, or backing steel; The CRA layer is usually called cladding material or lining. This is economically favorable for large-diameter heavy pipelines since the relatively much thinner CRA layer not only retains enhanced corrosion-resistant properties but also reduces the cost to the minimum. The CRA clad or lined steel pipes are widely used in pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries. They are also extensively used for marine applications, chemical plant, and power plant, etc.
Description
CRA refers to corrosion-resistant alloy. The CRA cladded steel pipe is composed of a conventional carbon steel or low alloy steel pipe and a corrosion-resistant alloy layer. The CRA layer is metallurgically bonded (cladded) to the internal or external surface of the steel pipe.
Base materials of the CRA clad or lined steel pipes include seamless or welded line pipes of API 5L Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70 and X80. In other circumstances, the base metal can also be provided as ASTM A106 Gr.B, ASTM A333 Gr.6, ASTM A335 Cr-Mo alloy steels (P5, P11, P22, P9, P91), etc.
The CRA cladding or lining material covers an extensive range of stainless steels and nonferrous alloys: SS 304/304L, SS 316/316L, SS 317/317L, Duplex 2205 (S31803), 2506 (S31804), 2507 (S32750), S32740, Alloy 254 SMO (S31254), 904L (N08904); Incoloy alloy 825 (N08825), Inconel alloy 625 (N06625), Hastelloy C-276 (N10276), Inconel alloy 59 (N06059), Alloy 31 (N08031), AL6NX (N08367), Alloy 20 (N08020), Monel alloy 400 (N04400); Titanium Grade 2, 5, 7, 9, 12; zirconium R60702; and some copper alloys.
Generally, CRA clad or lined pipes shall be manufactured as per API 5LD. The base material (steel pipe) conforms to API 5L, ASTM A106, ASTM A333, ASTM A335, etc. The cladding material shall conform to ASTM A240, A263, A264, A265, B898, B424, B443, B619, B622, B675, B265, B551.
Manufacturing of CRA Clad or Lined Steel Pipes
The CRA clad steel pipe is a bimetallic pipe composed of an internal (and in some cases external) CRA layer that is metallurgically bonded to the backing steel. The cladding may be bonded by hot rolling, coextrusion, weld overlay, explosion bonding, powder metallurgy, or some other process that produces a metallurgical bond. The CRA lined steel pipe consists of a carbon steel or alloy steel pipe with an internal or external CRA liner. The CRA liner is affixed or tightly fitted to the base-metal pipe full length by expansion, compression cold forming, or some other means. The CRA liner may be a tube or pipe inserted into a steel pipe, a plate or sheet rolled into a cylinder by expanding the liner and/ or shrinking the base pipe, or by some other applicable processes. The clad process results in a quite firm metallurgical bonding at the interface of the backing steel and the CRA layer. The mechanical bonding formed by the lining process is relatively “loose” in a lined pipe. Although the clad pipe exhibits better mechanical performance, its cost is relatively higher.
The CRA clad or lined pipes supplied by our company can be sized from 1″ (DN 25) to 100″ (DN 2500) with a minimum CRA layer of 2.5 mm in thickness and a maximum length of 15 meters. Heat treatments for both the base-metal pipe and the CRA layer shall be rigorously conducted. Generally, the line pipe will be furnished in annealed condition while the CRA layer will be furnished in solution-annealed condition. The chemical composition of the backing steel and CRA layer shall be in conformance to its relative material standard specification respectively. Generally, the mechanical properties of the CRA clad or line pipe is determined by the properties of the base material alone. The mechanical propertis of the CRA layer may be specified by the purchaser.
Inconel alloy 625 weld overlay / Alloy 625 Cladding / CRA 625 – Popular CRA pipe
Inconel alloy 625 is a non-magnetic, corrosion and oxidation resistant, Ni-Cr based solid solution strengthened deformed superalloy. Nickel alloy 625 is nickel-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy, major content Nickel miniumum 58%, also called Inconel 625 or UNS NO6625. Other chemical content Chromimum 20% to 23%, Columbium + tantalum 3.15% to 4.15%, Molybdenum 8.0% to 10.0%, columbium Cobalt allow 1.0% max if determined, Iron 5.0% max.
Inconel 625 is extremely resistant to a variety of unusually severe corrosive environments, including high temperature effects such as oxidation and carburization, including corrosion. Because of the solid solution of the refractory Co and Mo in a Nickel-Chromium matrix, provides 625 an outstanding strength and toughness in high temperature ranging from low up to 2000°F (1093°C).
Use weld overlay cladding methods to clad inconel alloy 625 or alloy 825 material inside of the carbon steel pipe has been a popular option not only solve the corrosion resistant problem to suit different severe environments, but also provides a high strength performances with save a large of cost
Tests and Inspection
Tensile tests: The CRA layer shall be removed from all specimens of finished products; Longitudinal tensile tests and transverse tensile tests; Weld tensile test (if there is any weld seam in the backing steel).
- Flattening tests.
- Guided-bend tests.
- Fracture toughness tests.
- Hardness tests (Vikers – ASTM E 384, Rockwell – ASTM E 18).
- Ferrite/austenite ratio for duplex stainless steel CRA layer.
- Corrosion tests as per ASTM A262 Practice B or Practice E, ASTM G28 Method A, ASTM G48Method A.
- Tests for CRA cladding bond strength and CRA liner tightness.
- Residual magnetism (less than 15 Gauss).
- Hydrostatic inspection.
- Dimensional inspection and visual examination.
- Ultrasonic inspection for clad pipes.
- 100% X-Ray inspection for all welds.
Additional information
| Keywords |
Alloy Pipe ,Alloy Steel Pipe ,Alloy Steel Tube ,Alloy Tube ,CRA clad or lined pipes |
|---|---|
| Size |
OD: 1/8'' ~ 26''; WT: SCH 30, 30, 40, 60, 80, 120, 140, 160, XS, XXS, STD;Length: Single Random, Double Random, Cut Length max to 23m |
| Standard & Grade |
ASTM A333, A335, DIN 17175, JIS G3458 |
| Ends |
Beveled End ,Plain End ,Thread End |
| Delivery |
Within 30 days and Depends on your order quantity |
| Payment |
D/P ,LC ,OA ,TT |
| Usage |
Petroleum, aerospace, chemical, electric power, boiler, military and other industries |
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Shipping & Delivery
Uses of packaging in the steel industry
Protective function
- Prevent steel products from physical damage, such as collision, scratching and extrusion, during transport, storage and handling to avoid affecting the quality and appearance of the products.
- Insulate from external environmental factors, such as humid air, rain, dust, etc., to reduce the risk of rust and corrosion of steel and ensure the performance and service life of the products.
Wooden box packaging
- Use: Mainly used to protect some irregular shape, easy to damage or high requirements for packaging of steel products, such as precision parts and components.
- Specific description: the wooden box is made of thick wooden boards, and cushioning materials, such as foam, air cushion, etc., may be added inside to reduce the impact of vibration and collision on the product.
Anti-rust paper packaging
- Purpose: To prevent rust and corrosion of steel products, especially suitable for storage or transportation in a humid environment.
- Specific description: anti-rust paper usually contains rust inhibitors, can be in contact with the metal surface to form a protective film, blocking the erosion of moisture and oxygen.
Plastic film packaging
- Purpose: To provide basic protection against dust and moisture, commonly used for small steel products.
- Specific description: plastic film has a certain degree of flexibility and sealing, can be tightly wrapped in the product surface, effectively isolate the external environment.
Pallet packaging
- Purpose: To facilitate the stacking and handling of steel products, and improve logistics efficiency.
- Specific description: The pallet is usually made of wood or plastic, the steel products are placed on the pallet, and then the forklift and other tools can be used for handling and loading and unloading.
Factory container packing
- Purpose: It is used for mass transportation of iron and steel products, to protect the products and improve the utilization rate of transportation space.
- Specific description: Containers have a strong structure and good sealing, and can adapt to long-distance transportation and the conversion of multiple modes of transportation.
Anti-rust oil coating packaging
- Purpose: To form a layer of antirust oil film on the surface of steel and enhance the antirust ability.
- Specific description: evenly cover the steel surface with anti-rust oil by brushing or soaking to form a durable protective layer.
Metal Corner Protection Packaging
- Purpose: To protect the corners and edges of steel products from damage during handling and transportation.
- Specific description: Metal corner guards are usually installed on the corners of products, using welding, bolting and other methods to increase the strength and impact resistance of the corners.
Baling Steel's packaging will surely convey to you our dedication to quality. We understand the importance of packaging to the quality of steel products and transportation safety, so we strive for excellence in the selection of packaging materials, so that you do not have to worry about the loss of transportation, and fully feel our professionalism and dedication!
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