A gasket is a mechanical seal placed between two or more mating surfaces to prevent liquid or gas leakage. Gaskets can be made from a variety of materials, such as rubber, metal, cork or paper, depending on the application requirements. They are designed to comply with the irregularity of the mating surface and form a tight seal to prevent leakage.
Gaskets are used in a wide range of applications, including engines, piping systems and machinery. They are used to seal joints to prevent the escape of liquids or gases, such as oil, coolant or air. In engines, gaskets are used to seal the cylinder head to the engine block, preventing combustion gases and oil from escaping. In piping systems, gaskets are used to seal the connections between pipes, valves, and other components, preventing leaks and ensuring proper system operation.
The choice of gasket depends on a number of factors, such as the type of fluid or gas being sealed, the temperature and pressure of the system, and the size and shape of the mating surface. There are many different types of gaskets to choose from, each with its own unique properties and advantages, such as wound gaskets, ring gaskets, sheet gaskets and O-ring gaskets.
Types of gaskets
There are many types of gaskets to choose from, each with its own unique properties, advantages and limitations. The choice of gasket type depends on a number of factors, such as the type of fluid or gas being sealed, the temperature and pressure of the system, and the size and shape of the mating surface. Here are some common gasket types and their applications and temperature/pressure ranges:
Wrap gaskets: Wrap gaskets are used in high pressure and high temperature applications, typically up to 1500 psi and 1200°F (649°C). They are commonly used in the oil and gas, chemical processing and power generation industries.
Ring joint gaskets: Ring joint gaskets are used in high pressure and high temperature applications, typically up to 20,000 psi and 1,500 °F (816°C). They are commonly used in the oil and gas, petrochemical and refining industries.
Sheet gaskets: Sheet gaskets are used in a wide range of applications, including low pressure and low temperature applications, typically up to 300 psi and 400°F (204°C). They are commonly used in the water and wastewater treatment, food and beverage, and HVAC industries.
O-ring gaskets: O-ring gaskets are used in dynamic sealing applications where motion occurs between two mating surfaces. They are commonly used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems, typically up to 5,000 psi and 400°F (204°C).
Metal gaskets: Metal gaskets are used in high temperature and pressure applications, typically above 500°F (260°C) and 1500 psi. Common metals used for gaskets include copper, steel, and aluminum. They are commonly used in the petrochemical, oil and gas, and power generation industries.
Graphite gaskets: Graphite gaskets are used in high temperature applications, typically up to 1800°F (982°C). They are also suitable for high pressure applications, typically up to 5000 psi. They are commonly used in chemical processing, power generation, and the oil and gas industry. It is important to note that the temperature and pressure range of each type of gasket may vary depending on the specific application and conditions. It is recommended to consult a professional or expert in the field to determine the best gasket for a particular application.
Gaskets used in industry mainly have the following types:
Metal type
Metal type gaskets are mainly used for RTJ type flanges, such as 900 grade and above high temperature and high pressure, such as steam pipes or other. Two main types of RTJ gaskets are used. Made of soft material. It can be used for high temperature and high pressure, but also for low pressure and low temperature.
Non-metallic type
Non-metallic type is suitable for low pressure and low temperature, up to 150 to 300 grades. Materials for the manufacture of non-metallic gaskets. Paper, PTFE, metal, glass, fiber, rubber, Pate, graphite, etc. Non-metal gasket used for full surface and second inner bolt circle diameter.
Semi-metal type (compound type)
semi-metal gaskets are mainly used in hydrocarbon pipelines and hazardous service pipelines. There are three types of semi-metal gaskets:Spiral gasket CAM profile gasket (looks like a winding gasket) Metal jacket (such gaskets are used in heat exchangers) Spiral gaskets have two shapes, one is V-shaped and the other is W-shaped
